Induction Hardened, Carburised los yog Nitrided? Xaiv qhov kev kho cua sov rau iav racks

Kev kho cua sov thiab precision sib tsoo hauv ntau lawm

Lub hom phiaj lo lus tseem ceeb:iav khib kev kho cua sov

Secondary:induction hardened iav khib, rooj plaub hardening qhov tob iav, khib hardness HRC

Meta piav qhia:Cov duab hardness tiag tiag thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhov tob rau induction hardened, carburised thiab nitrided racks - ntxiv rau vim li cas hardening ruins raug thiab qhov kev tshawb fawb hais txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov tob.

Muaj tus lej hardness ntawm koj cov duab kos. Nws tuaj qhov twg?

Hauv peb qhov kev paub, kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm lub sijhawm nws tau theej los ntawm daim duab dhau los, thiab tsis muaj leej twg nco qab yog vim li cas. Lwm ib nrab nws tau xaiv vim tias siab dua suab zoo dua. Tsis yog ib qho laj thawj zoo, thiab ob qho tib si tuaj yeem ua rau koj raug nqi nyiaj los yog lub khib nyiab ua tsis tiav.

Kev kho cua sov ntawm lub iav khib yog ib txheej ntawm kev lag luam tawm - tawm ntawm qhov tawv tawv, core toughness, rooj plaub qhov tob, distortion thiab tus nqi. Tau qhov sib npaug tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab koj tuaj yeem hnav cov flanks lossis tawg cov hniav tawm. Nov yog yam uas cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm tau txhawb nqa.

Induction hardening - tus neeg ua haujlwm

Induction hardening khiav lub siab - zaus tam sim no los ntawm lub kauj nyob ib ncig ntawm cov hniav, cua sov tsuas yog txheej txheej saum npoo, ces quenches nws. Cov tub ntxhais yeej tsis ncav cuag austenitising kub, yog li nws nyob ruaj khov.

Daim duab 1. Nto hardness ranges thiab case depths los ntawm txoj kev kho.

Achievable hardness, los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm:

Ob qhov kev txwv nyuaj tswj xyuas seb cov khoom puas tuaj yeem ua rau induction hardened txhua. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau steel nrogcarbon cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.30% lossis ntau dua- hauv qab no tsuas yog tsis muaj cov pa roj carbon txaus los tsim martensite. Nyob rau sab saum toj kawg nkaus, cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum nyob qis dua li ntawm 0.55%, nrog cov sulfur thiab phosphorus tsawg, kom txo tau txoj hauv kev tawg.

Lub qhov rais ntawd, 0.30% mus rau 0.55% carbon, yog vim li cas S45C thiab 42CrMo4 (SCM440) dominate khib ntau lawm. Nws tsis yog kev lig kev cai; nws yog metallurgy.

Ib qho kev txwv tseem ceeb tshaj li cov neeg xav tau: txawm tias thaum cov hniav thiab cov hniav tawv kom zoo, cov hniav hauv paus feem ntau tsis ua.

Cov hauv paus hniav yog qhov uas khoov qaug zog tawg pib. Yog tias koj hom kev ua tsis tiav yog lub hauv paus qaug zog ntau dua li flank hnav, induction hardening yuav tsis daws qhov teeb meem koj muaj. Txoj kev tshawb fawb FZG lees paub qhov geometry ntawm qhov no ncaj qha - rau txhua qhov induction- hardened iav kuaj, "lub hardening contour yog thickest ntawm cov hniav flanks thiab qis tshaj nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 30℃tangent rau cov hniav hauv paus hniav."

Qhov raug nplua tsis muaj leej twg hais hauv qhov kev tsocai

Hardening distors ib feem. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev slender khib, qhov distortion mus ncaj nraim mus rau pitch yuam kev.

Thaum siv induction hardening, iav raug raug txo los ntawm kev lim dej tom qab cua sov. Sib tsoo cov hniav tom qab yog xav tau yog tias xav tau siab.

Qhov loj ntawm cov nyhuv yog pom nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas racks yog graded los ntawm cov txheej txheem:

Tib lub khib uas ntsuas DIN 10 (< 0.200 mm/m) straight out of induction hardening reaches DIN 5–7 (< 0.026 to 0.052 mm/m) once the teeth are ground.

Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm plaub mus rau yim hauv qhov tseeb, rov qab los ntawm kev ua tiav. Txoj kev nws ua tiav: "Cov khoom siv ntxiv yog sab laug thaum lub sij hawm milling ntawm cov hniav kom lawv tuaj yeem ua av tom qab hardening."

Yog li qhov tseeb specification tsis yog "induction hardened." Nws yog "induction hardenedthiab av tom qab hardening. " Yog tias koj daim duab hais tias yav dhau los thiab koj daim ntawv thov xav tau tom kawg, koj yuav poob siab los ntawm cov khib nyiab uas ua raws li kev cai.

Ib qho txiaj ntsig tsim nyog yuav tsum paub ua ntej koj npaj machining: kev ua haujlwm thib ob feem ntau ua tau ntawm racks hauv ib qho xwm txheej tshwj tsis yog induction- cov hniav tawv. Laum koj qhov mounting ua ntej hardening, tsis yog tom qab.

Carburising - thaum koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj thiab cov tub ntxhais tawv tawv

Carburising diffuses carbon mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov pa roj carbon tsawg -, ces quenches. Koj xaus nrog lub siab - cov ntaub ntawv carbon nyuaj tshaj qhov qis - carbon tawv core.

Txheem carburising xyaum rau iav thiab khib ntau lawm.

Rau 16MnCr5 (EN 10084, 1.7131), ib qho ntawm cov qauv European cov ntaub ntawv- cov qib hardening, luam tawm cov duab tom qab tsim nyog carburising thiab quenching (Otai Steel):

Nto hardness:58–62 HRC

Siv tau qhov tob tob:0.6-1.2 hli typical

Core hardness:28-35 HRC

Core tensile lub zog (cov ntaub ntawv hardened): 850-1000 MPa, tawm los ~ 550 MPa

Lub ntsiab hardness daim duab yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov kev tawm dag zog. Ntawm 28-35 HRC cov tub ntxhais tseem nqus cov kev poob siab thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg tawm, thaum 58-62 HRC rooj plaub tiv thaiv pitting thiab hnav. A mus txog - cov khib nyiab khov ntawm 55 HRC tsis muaj qhov tshwj tseg - nws nyuaj rau txhua txoj hauv kev los ntawm thiab sib txuas ua ke.

Carburising nqi ntau dua, siv sij hawm ntev, thiab distorts ntau dua induction hardening. Qhia nws thaum kev sib cuag kev ntxhov siab yog siab tiag tiag thiab kev poob siab yog tam sim no.

Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum sib sib zog nqus li cas? Kev tshawb fawb muaj tus lej

Qhov no yog qhov uas feem ntau specifications yog kwv yees, yog li nws yog tsim nyog los soj ntsuam qhov tseeb.

Daim duab 2. Lub hauv paus dabtsi yog khoov lub zog poob thaum rooj plaub qhov tob tshaj 0.25 x module (FZG / TU Munchen cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb).

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm FZG ntawm TU München (FVA 660 II, luam tawm ntawm AGMA 22FTM14) tau sim 42CrMo4 iav ntawm ib txwm modules ntawm 14 hli thiab 20 hli nrog qhov sib txawv - los ntawm -gap induction hardening, ntsuas cov hniav hauv paus dabtsi yog khoov lub zog tiv thaiv qhov sib txawv ntawm 14 hli thiab 20 hli thickness txwv).

Kev tshawb nrhiav, hais ncaj qha:

"zoo li yuav muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws SHD400 hauv thaj tsam ntawm 0.15 txog 0.25 × m_n."

"Cov hniav cag khoov lub zog ntawm qhov sib txawv nrog SHD ntawm 0.35 × m_n ncav cuag tsuas yog 80 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov hniav hauv paus khoov lub zog ntawm cov sib txawv nrog qis SHD."

Qhov tob yog qhov phem dua. Ib rooj plaub ntawm 0.35 × module poob ib feem tsib ntawm nws cov hauv paus bending zog piv nrog 0.15–0.25 × module.

Lub mechanism yog residual stress. Cov ntaub ntawv ntiav ntiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw hauv compression, uas suppresses pib tawg. Thawb cov ntaub ntawv sib sib zog nqus heev thiab cov txheej txheem compressive tsis muaj zog thiab qhov chaw hloov pauv txav mus rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev ntxhov siab heev.

Tswv yim, rau ib qho module 4 khib, qhov ntau yog 0.6 txog 1.0 hli. Rau module 8, 1.2 txog 2.0 mm. Txoj kev tshawb no pom zoo tej yam kev mob, rau iav qhov ntau thiab tsawg m_n=14 mus rau 20 hli: SHD400 ntawm 0.15–0.25 × m_n, roughly sib npaug ntawm sab laug thiab txoj cai flanks, nto hardness 650–750 HV, tsis muaj hardening tawg.

Ib qho piv txwv los ntawm tib txoj kev tshawb fawb yog tsim nyog paub yog tias koj muaj kev qaug zog - daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb: txhaj tshuaj - blasted variant mus txog qhov nominal dabtsi yog khoov tus naj npawb ntawm ze li ntawm 600 N / mm², txog 30 feem pua ​​​​siab dua qhov siv tsis tau blasted, thiab siab dua cov ntaub ntawv - sib piv hardened. Kev txhaj tshuaj peening induces compressive residual stress thiab nws ua haujlwm.

Teem tawm qhov ntawd, ISO 6336-5 tus nqi nto- hardened iav txog 20 feem pua ​​​​hauv qab rooj plaub- cov iav khov rau qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai. Carburising tseem yeej ntawm cov peev txheej nyoos - induction hardening ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj peening tsuas yog kaw qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi qis.

Nitriding - nyuaj, nyias, thiab me ntsis distorted

Nitriding diffuses nitrogen rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, feem ntau520 degree (Lub cev). Tsis muaj quench, tsis muaj theem transformation, tsawg distortion.

Cov txheej txheem muaj ob thaj chaw: ib qho "dawb" txheej muab "siab tsis kam hnav, scuffing, galling thiab qaug dab peg," thiab ib txheej diffusion hauv qab muab "kev txhim kho qaug zog" thiab txhawb cov txheej txheej.

Ob qho kev txwv txiav txim siab seb nitriding puas muaj rau koj:

Khoom siv.Nws yog "zoo tshaj plaws thaum siv rau ntau yam ntawm cov hlau uas muaj nitride- tsim cov ntsiab lus xws li chromium, molybdenum, vanadium thiab aluminium." Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ferrous tuaj yeem ua tau roj nitrided txog li 5% chromium; Tom qab ntawd, plasma nitriding. Critically, rau cov pa roj carbon steel: "Vim nws tsis muaj alloying ntsiab, AISI 1045 steel tsis teb rau cov txheej txheem nitriding" (AZoM). Yog tias koj khib yog C45, nitriding tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv.

Case qhov tob.Nitrided case yog nyias. Rau 38CrMoAl, nitriding- qib tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm yog 900–1100 HV (~ 65–70 HRC) nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog0.3-0.6 hli.

Cov ntaub ntawv nyias nyias yog qhov txwv. Nyob rau hauv hnyav Hertzian kev sib cuag kev nyuaj siab, ib txheej nyias nyias nyob rau hauv ib tug softer substrate yuav raug kev txom nyem cov ntaub ntawv crushing - cov txheej yuav poob mus rau hauv lub core hauv qab nws. Nitriding suits racks qhov twg hnav thiab galling dominate thiab kev sib cuag kev nyuaj siab yog nruab nrab, thiab qhov twg distortion yuav tsum tsawg vim hais tias lub khib twb tiav lawm - hauv av.

Cov khoom yuav tsum tau hardened thiab tempered ua ntej nitriding rau optimum tau.

Xaiv

FAQ

Puas yog 60 HRC zoo dua 50 HRC ntawm lub khib?

Tsis tau. Siab hardness txhais tau hais tias zoo dua hnav tsis kam thiab hnyav dua toughness. 60 HRC khib hauv kev poob siab- daim ntawv thov thauj khoom yuav nti cov hniav uas 50 HRC khib yuav ciaj sia. Match hardness rau hom tsis ua hauj lwm koj tab tom tsim tawm tsam.

Kuv puas tuaj yeem induction harden C45 khib tom qab machining qhov mounting?

Koj tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis distortion cuam tshuam qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov thiab flatness nrog rau cov hniav pitch. Cov qauv kev coj ua yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev ua haujlwm thib ob ntawm induction-cov racks tawv. Tshuab thawj, harden thib ob.

Vim li cas kuv cov khib nyiab hardened muaj qhov cuam tshuam rov qab zoo dua li qhov muag muag nws hloov?

Yuav luag yeej hardening distortion, yog hais tias cov hniav tsis av tom qab ntawd. Qhov kev tshaj tawm pitch yuam kev rau induction- hardened non- racks hauv av yog nyob ib ncig ntawm ± 0.200 mm / m tiv thaiv ± 0.150 mm / m rau cov khib nyiab mos - cov khib nyiab hardened yog qhov tseeb tsawg dua.

Yuav ua li cas hardness tus pinion yuav txheeb ze rau lub khib?

Sib npaug lossis nyuaj dua. Vim hais tias tus pinion pom lub voj voog feem ntau, nws cov hardness thiab cov chav kawm zoo yuav tsum yeej ib txwm sib npaug los yog tshaj ntawm cov khib nyiab. Lub pinion ua rau ntau lub kiv puag ncig ib 'meter' ntawm kev mus ncig ua si, yog li nws khaws cov kev sib cuag mus sai dua.

Puas yog cov ntaub ntawv tob tob ib txwm txhais tau tias lub neej ntev dua?

Tsis yog, thiab cov ntaub ntawv FZG qhia meej: ntawm 0.35 × module lub hauv paus khoov lub zog poob rau 80% ntawm tus nqi ntawm 0.15–0.25 × module. Tshaj - qhia qhov tob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug nqi nyiaj thiab txo lub zog.

Tianjin OuNaiDa Transmissions Technology ua haujlwm rau cov hniav sib tsoo thiab cov khoom sib tsoo hauv - tsev thiab cov khoom siv racks hauv S45C, 42CrMo4 thiab rooj plaub- cov qib hardening. Qhia peb cov load, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev poob siab thiab qhov tseeb lub hom phiaj, thiab peb yuav pom zoo rau kev kho mob ntau dua li tsuas yog hais txog qhov hardness koj nug.

Induction hardened racks, modules M5 rau M8